Nsalt stress in wheat pdf

Effect of salinity on grain yield and quality of wheat and. These results indicated that the effects of salts stress were greater at 10 than at 8, 6 and 4 ec dsm. Evolution of physiological responses to salt stress in. Salt stress caused 33 %, 51 % and 82 % reductions in germination vigor, seedling shoot dry matter and seed grain yield, respectively. Effect of auxin and salt stress nacl on seed germination. Net photosynthesis was decreased due to the reduction in photosynthesis and increasing in. Lavett genotype 1, selected for temperate growing conditions and two cimmyt cultivars, ciano79 genotype 2 and attila genotype 3, respectively heat sensitive and heat tolerant varieties for warm environments. It is well known that salinization highph has been considered as a major environmental threat to agricultural systems. Pdf multidimensional evaluation of response to salt. Siddique1 1the uwa institute of agriculture, the university of western australia, 35 stirling highway, crawley wa 6009, australia 5 2department of agronomy, university of agriculture, faisalabad38040, pakistan. Mitigation of salt stress in wheat plant triticum aestivum by plant growth promoting. It is reported that high transpiration rate at leaf surfaces cause high accumulation of salt in leaves which kill them before full maturity dodd, et al, 1999. An experiment was conducted on five wheat triticum aestivum l. Managing heat stress in wheat mallee sustainable farming.

These metabolites showed the capacity to enhance the plants growth, yield as well as stress tolerance. Heat stress effects on grain dry mass and quality were studied in spring wheat genotypes triticum aestivum l. Research open access mitigation of salt stress in wheat. Physiological studies on the response of wheat to short. The crop experiences chronic high temperature at most of phenological stages of growth. The numbers of tillers were 10 and 7 for barley plants at 0.

Oxidative stress is one of the most common effects of salt stress in wheat. Effects of salt stress on plant growth, stomatal response. In some other studies, chl accumulation under saline stress is not always associated with salt tolerance. Growth response of barley and wheat to salt stress. Inqalab, a pot experiment was conducted in the wirehouse of the department of soil science, sindh agriculture university tando jam. Compared salt tolerance of five local wheat triticum aestivum l. Salt stress adversely affects seed germination, plant growth, photosynthesis, water relations, nutrient uptake, and yield. High salt concentration in soils decreases wheat leaf water potential, turgor. Salinity is a big constraint to crop quality and production. Halvorson abstract available soil water and n fertility are the primary factors limiting dryland winter wheat triticum aestivum l. In order to study the effect of salts stress on the growth and yield of wheat cv.

Effect of salt stress on germin gene expression in barley. Water uptake per gram dry weight was not significantly affected by salt stress for barley. Australian grain technologies agt, roseworthy campus, sa. This research investigated the effect of water deficit on wheat cultivars algaimi, sindy1, sindy2, and habahmar grown in the kingdom of saudi arabia. Water stress effects on growth, yield and quality of wheat. Responses of wheat genotypes to salt stress in relation to germination and seedling growth article pdf available december 20 with 1,270 reads how we measure reads. Synergistic effect of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi and spermine on amelioration of salinity stress of wheat triticum aestivum l. Mercury induced phytotoxicity and oxidative stress in. Variation in response to salt stress at seedling and maturity stages among durum wheat varieties nejla turki1, tariq shehzad1, 2, moncef harrabi3, moktar tarchi3 and kazutoshi okuno1, 2 abstract. Protein content reduced at high levels of salinity in. Introduction wheat gluten wg is wellknown for its functional benefits in various food applications.

Synergistic effect of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi and. Manas and two other wheat genotypes chinese spring cs and mv9kr1 during germination and in young plants grown in hydroponic culture with or without salt. Chlorophyll fluorescence as criterion for the diagnosis. Shoker 1plant production department, college of food and agricultural sciences, king saud university, p. Heat stress in wheat during reproductive and grainfilling. Wheat is grown as winter cereal crop in subtropical countries like india.

In conclusion, wheat plants exposed to lower concentrations of hg 2. Water stress is the major environmental stresses that affect agricultural production worldwide, especially in arid and semiarid regions. Burke 2001 reported that seedling heat tolerance is essential in most dryland cotton production areas because producers plant cotton when moisture becomes available. Physiological enhancements for alleviation of salt stress in wheat. Nitrogen and water stress affect winter wheat yield and. Review article the role of phytohormones in alleviating. The impact of salt stress under different salinity level 0,25,50,75,100,125,150 mm nacl on five varieties of wheat viz. Experiments were conducted to improve wheat seed performance under salinity stress conditions after priming. Effect of salts stress on the growth and yield of wheat. Mitigation of salt stress in wheat plant triticum aestivum by plant. Salinity effect of stress on germination of wheat cultivars abbas biabani1, hamideh heidari2 and mosarreza vafaietabar3 1associate prof. Under stress conditions such as drought, highsalinity and lowtemperature, the transcription factor of dreb dehydration responsive element binding proteins improved efficiently stress resistance by regulating the expression of its downstream genes with various environmental stress resistance in plants. Agronomic techniques and planting systems moderate. For this the total of fifteen varieties were collected, to evaluate the genetic diversity under the normal field condition and the effect of salt.

Mitigation of salt stress in wheat seedlings by halotolerant bacteria isolated from saline habitats dhanushkodi ramadoss, vithal k lakkineni, pranita bose, sajad ali and kannepalli annapurna abstract eighty four halotolerant bacterial strains were isolated from the saline habitats and screened for growth at different nacl concentrations. Effect of water stress on growth and water use efficiency. The facts mentioned above make it possible to recommend root colonizing bacteria that produce phytohormone to alleviate salt stress of wheat grown under conditions of soil salinity. Heat stress in wheat during reproductive and grainfilling phases muhammad farooq,1,2 helen bramley,1 jairo a. Salt stress tolerance and antioxidative mechanisms in wheat plants triticum durum l. All grew well at 5% nacl, but only 25% isolates showed growth at 20% nacl concentration. Crops growing in saltaffected soils may suffer from physiological drought stress, ion toxicity, and mineral deficiency which then lead to reduced. Paul telfer, james edwards, dion bennett and haydn kuchel. Physiological studies on the response of wheat to shortterm heat stress during reproductive development a.

Study the effect of salt stress on morphomolecular. Eighty four halotolerant bacterial strains were isolated from the saline habitats and screened for growth at different nacl concentrations. High temperature stress is a major environmental constraint limiting wheat productivity in many parts of the world. Impact of salt stress on five varieties of wheattriticum. Understanding the effects of water stress on wheat growth, yield and quality is essential for good irrigation management. Exogenous trehalose alleviates the adverse effects of salinity stress in wheat.

Studies to improve wheat for high temperature stress areas. This much increase is possible with the judicious use of. Salt stress substantially decreased the number of tillers in both crops, however, this reduction was more severe for wheat than barley. Najla t urki1, moncef h arrabi2 and kazutoshi okuno1. The data showed that different level of salinity significantly affected the growth attributes by reducing root and shoot length. In spikes, the soluble fractions were increased significantly by salt stress while the insoluble slightly reduced. Furthermore, wheat seedlings also reduce its growth. The respective values were 6 and 4 for wheat plants. Tanaka united states department of agriculture, agricultura1 research service, western regional research center. Salinity is a significant constraint for crop quality and production, affecting wheat growth, yield and quality in the major wheat growing regions of the world. In wheat, seed germination decreased with increasing levels of salinity, while the adverse effect of salinity was alleviated by soaking seed with iaa gulnaz et al. Exogenous trehalose alleviates the adverse effects of salinity stress. The effects of cadmium cd stress on wheat growth, leaf photon energy conversion, gas exchange, and cd accumulation in wheat seedlings were investigated.

Identification and characterization of salt tolerance of wheat. Nhx1 has functional activity in the improvement of salt tolerance. Germination of primed seed under nacl stress in wheat. Five strains sl3, sl32, sl35, j8w and pu62 growing well in 20% nacl concentrations were further characterized for multiple plant growth promoting traits such as. Water stress tolerance of wheat triticum aestivum l. Strength of wheat gluten pellets made at different. Soil salinity affects a large and increasing amount of arable land worldwide, and genetic and agronomic solutions to increasing salt tolerance are urgently needed.

Effects of salt stress on different maize genotypes braz. Impact of salt stress on five varieties of wheattriticum aestivum l. Comparative metabolic responses and adaptive strategies of. An experiment was conducted using a completely randomized design of four replications for germination indices in wheat aestivum and spinach spinacia oleracea seedlings mostafa lamhamdi, a. The soil was artificially salinized to a range of salinity levels i. Similarly, yield components such as the number of spikes per plant, spikes length, and the number of spikelets per spike. This further provides evidence that at higher hg concentration the leaves and roots of wheat plants are subjected to severe oxidative stress and the antioxidative system of the plant was unable to remove the stress. Present study was carried out to study the effect of salt stress on morphomolecular characters of wheat genotypes. Salt stress tolerance and antioxidative mechanisms in. Salt stress affects germination percentage, germination rate and seedling growth in different ways depending on plant species ungar, 2005. Effective selection criteria for assessing drought stress tolerance in durum wheat triticum durum desf. The abiotic stress response and adaptation of triticale.

Improvement of wheat drought and salt tolerance by. Approaches to enhance salt stress tolerance in wheat. Pdf responses of wheat genotypes to salt stress in. Similarly in north india, the soil temperature and wind velocity at sowing time are very high. However temperature, moisture content and compacting stress did not affect pellet density. Wheat quality can be assessed using a variety of approaches that range from the physical measurement of the dough characteristics to chemical fractionation of the protein. Late planting heat stress on ear growth physiology of wheat. Salt stress response of wheatbarley addition lines. A detailed understanding of genetic variation and mechanisms of heat tolerance in. In membrane thermostability mt test, bijoy, baw 1059 and baw 1064 showed less than 50% membrane injury and were considered as heat. Variation in response to salt stress at seedling and. Salt stress decreases the activities of antioxidant enzymes superoxide dismutase, catalase and ascorbate peroxidase while the exogenous application of potassium and zinc. Abstract the salt stress responses of wheatbarley addition lines 2h, 3h, 3hs, 4h, 6h, 7h and 7hl were compared to those of the parental genotypes wheat cv.

However, salt stress effects depend on the dose and duration of stress, and mostly on genotypes. This reduction was essentially similar for both plants. Nitrogen fertility influence on water stress and yield of winter wheat d. Three cultivars were chosen with respect to heat tolerance. Heat stress is one of major limitations in wheat triticum aestivum l. Pdf approaches to enhance salt stress tolerance in wheat. Pdf effect of salts stress on the growth and yield of wheat. Gholamali akbari, seyed ali mohammad modarres sanavy and saeed yousefzadeh, 2007. Potassium and zinc increase tolerance to salt stress in. Agronomy a thesis by prior publications submitted to the university of adelaide, south australia in the fulfilment of the degree of doctor of philosophy. That causes substantial reduction in grain yield, depending on the developmental stage at which water stress occurred.

Study of salt tolerance in wheat triticum aestium l. Alleviation of salt stress by plant growth regulators and. In south africa most of the wheat production areas are vulnerable to drought stress during crop development. Althoughimprovements in technology and management have led to increasing wheat yields around the world, wheat model simulations over the main global wheatproducing regions can isolate the climate signal by. Wheat growth, salinity, ethylene, rhizobial strains, salt tolerance. Salt stress increases mda content in wheat varieties while potassium and zinc counteract the adverse effect of salinity and significantly increased membrane stability index. Effect of auxin and salt stress nacl on seed germination of wheat cultivars triticum aestivum l. The action of phytohormone producing bacteria and plant growth regulators on germination and seedling growth of wheat under saline conditions were studied. Multidimensional evaluation of response to salt stress in wheat.

The bread wheat, which originated in mediterranean region, migrated to the cooler climate of temperate regions. Abstractto investigate effect of salt stress on chlorophyll fluorescence four cultivars fong,star,chamran and kharchia of wheat triticum aestivum plants subjected to salinity levels control,8,12 and 16 dsm1 from one week after emergence to the end of stem elongation under greenhouse condition. Salinity effect of stress on germination of wheat cultivars. Genetic relationships among durum and ommon c wheat. Effective selection criteria for assessing drought stress. Pdf physiological enhancements for alleviation of salt. Keywords salinity, tolerance, effect, yield, wheat 1. The aim of this study was to investigate the differences between salt stress and alkali stress in metabolic profiles and nutrient accumulation of wheat.