Twelve pteridophyta species belonging to four families were recorded. We present a revised classification for extant ferns, with emphasis on ordinal and familial ranks, and a synop sis of included. List of animal phyla is a list of the major groups of animals usually classified as a phylum. Paku pteridophyta tumbuhan paku adalah tumbuhan darat tertua yang ada sejak zaman devon dan karbon. Useful notes on the classification of pteridophytes.
Habitats range from exposed rock types, shaded coniferous forests, to bogs. What are examples of the phylum bryophyta, phylum pterophyta, phylum coniferophyta, and phylum magnoliophyta. Pteridophytes pteridophtyes are a phylum of plants. Arthropods are jointlegged animals and you must have come across a few of these animals.
Pteridophyta are divided in lycophyta or lycopodiophyta and monilophyta. About the classification report about the classification download. Pteridophyta top results of your surfing pteridophyta start download portable document format pdf and ebooks electronic books free online rating news 20162017 is books that can provide inspiration, insight, knowledge to the reader. In 1880, the cryptogams of the plant kingdom were divided. In this article we will discuss about the classification of pteridophytes. Pteridophyta download ebook pdf, epub, tuebl, mobi. Whats the difference between phylum pterophyta and phylum. Pteridophyta definition is a division of vascular plants coordinate with bryophyta and spermatophyta and coextensive with the subdivisions psilopsida, lycopsida, sphenopsida and the class filicineae of.
Pteridophyta sporeproducing vascular plants 2 no transcript 3 ferns sporeproducing vascular plants 4 ferns are sporeproducing vascular plants that have true leaves, roots, and stems. It is the remains of these giant pteridophytes that would over eons become the fossil fuels we use today. Pteridophyta is a phylum in the plant kingdom, including the ferns, horsetails and clubmosses. Phylum psilotophyta whisk ferns the sporophytes of this plant have neither true leaves nor roots, and stems and rhizomes that fork evenly. Another difference between pterophyta and higher plants is that many species belonging to the pterophyta have a vegetative propagation path by means of rhizomes e. A read is counted each time someone views a publication summary such as the title, abstract, and list of authors, clicks on a figure, or views or downloads the fulltext. Lycopodiophyta are sometimes placed outside of pteridophyta. Three main groups are distinguished within the pterophyta. The 2016 science olympiad fossil list includes the genus calamites horsetail and the plant leaf annularia within the phylum pteridophyta ferns. A pteridophyte sensu lato is a vascular plant that reproduces via spores, and therefore was a member of the former and now invalid taxon pteridophyta. Pteridophyta biology general studies all competitive. Brown and brown 1931 recorded 103 species from southeastern. They are flowerless plants exhibiting an alternation of 2 distinct and dissimilar generations. The anthophyta, the angiosperms or flowering plants, is the largest and youngest phylum of plants and the one whose members dominate the vegetation of the modern world.
New pteridophyte species and combinations from the marquesas. Pteridophytes are a group of primitive land plants belongs to the cryptogams. Mosses phylum bryophyta may be found all around the world and inhabit diverse habitats. Because they produce neither flowers nor seeds, they are referred to as cryptogams. The origin of the angiosperms is an enigma, but from all evidence they probably arose sometime during the late jurassic or early. Pteridophyta is one of the older groups of plants present in the plant kingdom. They are spore plants and have no flowers or seeds. Some 265300 genera and 10,90011,100 species recognized. Many ferns from tropical rain forests are epiphytes, which means they only grow on other plant species. It is the first clade in the tracheophyta, the vascular plants. Structure and form approximately 11,000 known species vary in size from less than 1 cm in diameter to 25 meters tall fern leaves are megaphylls that are commonly referred to as fronds. The members of the class psilotopsida show close resemblance in fundamental characteristics to the silurian and devonian members of rhyniopsida e. Click download or read online button to get pteridophyta book now. Sporophyte generation producing spores is a pteridophyta itself.
Ferns, horsetails often treated as ferns, and lycophytes clubmosses, spikemosses, and quillworts are all pteridophytes. Firstly all the botanists divided the plant kingdom into two large groups cryptogamia and phanerogamia, linnaeus 1754 used the term cryptogams for the first time for those plants which did not possess visible sex organs. There are about eleven thousand different species of pteridophytes, making them the most diverse land plants after the flowering. Flora of australia, volume 48, ferns, gymnosperms and allied groups.
In this article we will discuss about the classification of pteridophyta. It usually appears as a relatively large plant, with stems containing vascular tissue that conducts water and dissolved solutes through the. Pteridophytes, also known as vascular cryptogams and ferns and fern allies, comprise about 12 000 species of vascular plants that do not produce. The group pteridophyta, the wing plants, is a diverse bunch of related plants. Due to discovery of the fossil plants, the classification of pteridophytes has undergone vast changes in the recent past. Pteridophytes general characters ppt general characteristics, life cycle and reproduction of pteridophytes ppt what are pteridophytes. Name the bryophytes in order of oldest to youngest in the fossil record.
They are the first evolved plant group with vascular tissue system for the conduction of water and food materials. Umumnya, tumbuh berupa rerumputan dan menyukai tempat yang basah atau lembap. Learn vocabulary, terms, and more with flashcards, games, and other study tools. Pteridophyta have unique ecological characteristics of high environmental adaptation. The defining characteristics of this phylum reproduction via spores, however, have vascular systems, which separate phylum pterophyta from phylum bryophyta. Pteridophytes ferns and fern allies the plant list.
The group includes ferns, horsetails, clubmosses and whisk ferns. Mosses can be distinguished from liverworts phylum marchantiophyta and hornworts phylum anthocerotophyta by a number of gametophytic and sporophytic features. They are a very ancient group of plants, forming the dominant vegetation of the paleozoic era, from the upper devonian, 260 million years ago to the end of the lower permian about 200 million years ago. Characteristics of pteridophytes, morphology of pteridophytes, reproduction of pteridophytes, homosporous and heterosporous pteridophytes, megaspore and microspores, gametophytes of pteridophytes, fertilization, zygote and embryo of. Pteridophytes general characteristics easybiologyclass. Body shape can be cylindrical, vaselike, rounded or saclike. Pteridophyta have life cycle known as metagenesis with two generations, they are sporophyte and gametophyte generations. Furthermore, they are one of the very first true plants to adapt to life on land. They are generally marine aquatic organisms, with a few freshwater species. Pteridophyta definition of pteridophyta by merriamwebster.
Phylum lycophyta club mosses and quillworts the stems of this plants are covered with microphylls that are photosynthetic. Thallophyta, bryophyta and pteridophyta while phanerogamic. Pteridophyta in the broad interpretation of the term are vascular plants that reproduce via spores. The pteridophytes include the ferns, club mosses and horsetails. This pdf version does not have an isbn or issn and is not therefore. The time period of the giant pteridophyta forests is known as the carboniferious period.
Because pteridophytes produce neither flowers nor seeds, they are also referred to as cryptogams. An introduction to pteridophyta top results of your surfing an introduction to pteridophyta start download portable document format pdf and ebooks electronic books free online rating news 20162017 is books that can provide inspiration, insight, knowledge to the reader. Ebook pteridophyta as pdf download portable document format. A linear sequence of extant families and genera of lycophytes and ferns pdf. The term is now used only informally to denominate a fern monilophyte or lycophyte. They are diploblastic animals with two layers, the outer dermal layer and the inner gastral layer. Ebook an introduction to pteridophyta as pdf download. Pteridophyta pteridophytes a division of the plant kingdom, comprising the vascular cryptogams. Scientifically speaking, they all come under the animal kingdom under phylum arthropoda the success of the arthropods can mainly be attributed to the presence of exoskeleton, which. They have been around far longer than the angiosperms, with earliest ever recorded fossil dating back to the silurian period. A pteridophyte sensu lato is a vascular plant with xylem and phloem that reproduces via spores, and therefore was a member of the former and now invalid taxon pteridophyta. It is speculated that life began in the oceans, and through millions of years of evolution, life slowly adapted on to dry land. Aspleniaceae being the most represented family with the largest number of species. Eichler 1883 divided the plant kingdom into cryptogamia and phanerogamia.
New pteridophyte species and combinations from the. Pteridophyta start download portable document format pdf and ebooks electronic books free online rating news 20162017 is books that can provide inspiration, insight, knowledge to the reader. The cryptogamia was further divided into thallophyta. They are the vascular plants those having xylem and phloem tissues that reproduce by releasing spores rather than seeds, and they include the highly diverse true ferns and other graceful, primarily forestdwelling plants. Pteridophyta characteristics, life cycle, classification. A communityderived classification for extant lycophytes and. Science olympiad fossil event the 2016 science olympiad fossil list includes the genus calamites horsetail and the plant leaf annularia within the phylum pteridophyta ferns. Engler 1909 included the bryophyta and pteridophyta under embryophyta. Classification for kingdom plantae down to division pteridophyta. The only recent treatment of the marquesan pteridophytes ferns. The first is a nonsexual, sporebearing, sporophyte generation. So, the pteridophyta that we see in daily life is sporophyte generation. List of animal phyla simple english wikipedia, the free.
At one point, pteridophyta was considered its own phylum, although now they are considered a group of disparate. Life cycle of pteridophyta vegetative reproduction of pteridophyta is by rhizome. A list of this type may be arranged alphabetically. This site is like a library, use search box in the widget to get ebook that you want. Different organisms of phylum pterophyta have adapted to many environments.
Some prominent ones include insects, spiders, ants, bees, crabs, shrimps, millipedes, centipedes etc. There are also some purely aquatic ferns such as water fern or water. Because pteridophytes produce neither flowers nor seeds, they are sometimes referred to as cryptogams, meaning that their means of reproduction is hidden. Clubmoss, horsetail and fern trees dominated earths land vegitation for more than 100 million years. Artinya telah hidup sejak 300 350 juta tahun yang lalu.
In this lesson, well discover the characteristics, classification, and life cycle of the group pteridophyta, which includes plant species like ferns and horsetails. Florida also with pointed leaflet tips and without the bicolored rachis scales of n. Pteridophytes general characteristics general characters of pteridophytes the vascular cryptogams pteridophytes are plants with feather like leaves. Ferns the largest group of living seedless vascular plantsand probably the most familiarare the ferns with about 12,000 species, over two. A pteridophyte is a vascular plant with xylem and phloem that disperses spores. And among the first of the plants to truly live on land were the pteridophytes. Traditionally, in botany the term division has been used instead of phylum, although the international code of nomenclature for algae, fungi, and.
584 1339 40 450 389 842 404 162 237 1036 1520 1391 1562 324 1071 615 437 1068 1246 547 680 1077 579 1013 862 1476 216 1263 1260 343 1008 378